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Phrasal verbs, verb patterns

Phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs are verbs which consist of a verb followed by one or two prepositions. The combination of the verb
and preposition(s) in a phrasal verb creates a new meaning which is different than the meaning of the verb and
preposition(s) on their own.

Separable phrasal verbs

● The verb and preposition(s) in some phrasal verbs are always separated by a noun and these are called
separable phrasal verbs. The noun comes in between the verb and the preposition:
turn up: Can you turn the sound up? I can‟t hear it.

Inseparable phrasal verbs

● The verb and preposition(s) in some phrasal verbs are never separated by a noun and these are called
inseparable phrasal verbs. The noun always comes after the phrasal verb:

look into: Let‟s look into other ways of having a virtual meeting.

catch up: I need to catch up with my homework this evening.

● In some phrasal verbs, the verb and preposition(s) can be either separated by a noun or not but themeaning is the same:
turn off: Can you turn your camera off? OR Can you turn off your camera?

● But with some phrasal verbs the meaning is different when the verb and preposition(s) are separated bya noun

from when they aren‟t separated by a noun: pick up:

I can still pick up my little sister. (to physically move someone or something upwards)

We‟re going to pick my aunt up from the airport tomorrow. (to meet someone somewhere and then take them with
you to another place.)

Verb patterns with gerund and infinitive

When two verbs are used together, the second verb is either in the gerund form (or verb-ing) or the infinitiveform (to
+ present participle).

Verbs that are always followed by the infinitive, e.g. decide, encourage, need, seem, try, want, arrange,
agree, hope, expect, plan, offer, learn.

We decided to work on the project together. The book seems to be back in the library now.

Verbs that are always followed by the gerund, e.g. avoid, enjoy, finish, miss, recommend, admit, deny,
dislike, practise, risk, consider, suggest

You should avoid looking at your phone in bed. I enjoy watching films in English.

Verbs that can be followed by the gerund or infinitive:

Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive+to and the meaning stays the same, e.g.
continue, hate, like, start:
We will continue looking for the photos until we find them.We will

continue to look for the photos until we find them.

Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive but the meaning changes according to theverb form
which is used, for example, stop, remember, forget, regret and try.

When I run, I need to stop to take a break every 15 minutes.(to stop doing an activity so you can do another activity)
Let‟s stop thinking of ideas now and start making a plan. (to stop doing an activity)
Please remember to bring your digital camera tomorrow. (Don‟t forget to bring it.)
I remember meeting this man last year at the wedding reception. (I saw this man last year and now Iremember that action.)
I regret wasting all my money; now I have no money to buy this T-shirt. (I‟m sorry because I havewasted all my money.)
We regret to inform you that you have not been accepted for this job. (We are sorry to tell you this.)
Try taking this medicine for your headache. It‟s very good. (Try something as an experiment to see if it works.)
I‟m trying to learn Chinese, but it‟s very difficult. (Try to + infinitive means that something is difficult, but you make
an effort to do it.)

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