Page 31 - مفاهيم شعبة علمى علوم - الصف الثالث الثانوي

‫مفاهيم اللغة الإنجليزية (لغة أولى) الصف الثالث الثانوي‬

Relative

Relative clauses
● Use relative clauses to give more information about someone or something.
● Use who or that to refer to people, and which or that to refer to things.
● Use Whom to refer to an object (then whom is followed by a subject.)

My cousin whom I visited in the hospital is getting better now.Manal who
won the gold medal is over the moon!
● Use whose to refer to possession or relationship, where to refer to places, and when to refer to time.
This is the honest man whose job is to guard our cars.
The park is the place where I usually spend a nice time with my friends.July is the
month when we spend our summer holiday outside Cairo.
● Put the relative clause immediately after the noun you are talking about:
Mr Sami works at a bank. He is loved by all. Mr Sami,
who works at a bank, is loved by all.
● Use non-defining relative clauses with commas, to give further (non-essential) information aboutsomething
or someone. (In this type, that can‟t replace who, whom and which.)
The ancient temple, which was mentioned in the guide book, was difficult to find.Mr Kamel,
who is 50 years old, is the new manager.
Aisha, whose father is a famous doctor, is my best friend.
● Use defining relative clauses, without commas, to give essential information to explain who orwhat you
are talking about. In this type, that can replace who and which.
He is the writer who/that wrote these interesting articles.The place
where we used to live was very noisy.

So and such

We can use so to mean very, often to emphasise or to give a reason for something.

● Use so + adjective/adverb (+ that …)The novel is so interesting.

The novel is so interesting that I decided to read it again.Sami

behaves so politely that all his friends respect him.

● We can also use so much + uncountable noun + (that) … or so many + plural noun + (that) …He has

spent so much time working that he felt exhausted.

Hala has so many tasks to do that she can‟t go to the club with her friends.

● We can use such in the same way but always before a noun.

Use such + (adjective) + uncountable/plural noun + (that) …

Egypt has such amazing monuments that a lot of tourists enjoy seeing them.

● We can also use such a/an + (adjective) + countable singular noun + (that) …

It is such a nice film that I watched it twice. Gamal is such an honest man that all people trust him.

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